Desarrollo y evaluación de un exoesqueleto de rodilla: Innovación terapéutica para rehabilitación efectiva y accesible
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55204/trj.v3i1.e28Palabras clave:
Diseño, exoesqueleto, prototipo, rodilla, rehabilitación, flexión, extensiónResumen
El exoesqueleto motorizado es un robot portátil que puede proporcionar movimiento asistido por energía para el cuerpo humano. La investigación se planteó dos hitos objetivos: a) realizar el diseño y la fabricación de un prototipo de exoesqueleto para la rehabilitación de la rodilla utilizando fabricación aditiva (FDM) y b) evaluar el prototipo de exoesqueleto desarrollado como innovación terapéutica para la rehabilitación efectiva y accesible de rodilla. El método adoptó un enfoque experimental y cualitativo para la conceptualización y producción de un prototipo fabricado mediante FDM, destinado a replicar movimientos de extensión y flexión en un rango angular de 0° a 90°. El prototipo estuvo compuesto por una estructura metálica ajustable a diferentes alturas, con soportes de muslo y tibia. Se uso poliácido láctico (PLA) como material de manufactura 3D. Las dimensiones se determinaron utilizando tablas antropométricas Acopla95, para una población de 20 a 39 años. Para el seguimiento de las rutinas de rehabilitación, se creó una aplicación móvil que permitió ingresar datos como ángulo de flexión, número de series, repeticiones, tiempos de espera y tres velocidades de movimiento, la primera al 1% (35 grados/min), la segunda al 50% (70 grados/min) y la tercera al 100% (135 grados/min). El estudio reveló que el prototipo logra una precisión del 98% en la ejecución del ángulo de flexión deseado, con una variación máxima de 3 grados para un ángulo de 90 grados y 1 grado para otras medidas específicas.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Prof. Michael José Albán-Galárraga , Prof. Darwin Gustavo Jaque Puca, Juan Carlos Muyulema Allaica Muyulema Allaica, Prof. Carla Gabriela Coque-Patiño
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